Basic Viva For Textile Engineers (Apparel or Garments Related) Part-11

 

291. What is grading?

Ans. Grading means the stepwise increase or decrease of a master pattern piece to create large or small size. Grading alters the overall size of a design but not it̕s general shape & appearance.

292. What is the main objective of marker?

Ans.

To minimize the fabric wastage

To improve the quality of garments.

293. What are the main product are produced in garments Industry in Bangladesh?

Ans. Woven shirt, T-shirt, trouser, jacket, jogging shuts, sweaters, jersey etc.

294. How much currency earn from garments sector in Bangladesh every year?

Ans. Above 75%.

295. What is quota?

Ans. Kind of agreement between the exporter country where importer country mention a specific number of garments.

296. When established garments industry in Bangladesh?

Ans. In 1960, ”REAZ” garments.

297. What is the basic difference between sewing and stitching?

Ans.

Sewing is Invisible

Stitching is Visible

298. What is the difference between the yarn and thread?

Ans.

Yarn = (i) Yarn is used for producing fabrics (Knit & Woven). (ii) Normally it is single ply.

Thread = (i) Thread is used for garments sewing. (ii) It is normally two or three or four plies.

299. What measurement unit used in America and Europe.

Ans. America use=Inch, Europe use=Centimeter (cm).

300. What are the sections of sewing used for making a shirt?

Ans. There are three sections-

Collar section

Cuff section

Body section

301. What type of woven fabric?

Ans. 1. Yarn dyed, 2. Solid dyed, 3. Denim.

302. What is Line Balancing?

Ans. Line Balancing is the allocation of sewing machines according to style and design of garment. It depends on, what type of garments we have to produce.

303. What is Compliance?

Ans. Compliance means comply something’s that is yield to the wishes another. The main aim of compliance is to ensuring the all labour rights and facilities according to the Buyer code of conduct.

304. What are the different types of order?

Ans.

FOB (Free on boat) order

FOA (Free on air) order

C & F (Cost and freight) order

CIF (Cost, insurance and freight) order

CIFC (Cost, insurance, freight and commission) order

CMT (Cutting, making and trimmings) order

CM (Cost of making) order

TT (Telephonic transfer) order

Subcontract order

Exchange order.

305. What do you mean by FOB (Free on boat) order?

Ans. This is the export term of delivery and price quotation. The sellers send the goods for export and delivers them on boat (the ship). The risk is passed from seller to buyer when the goods are loaded in the ship at the port of departure. The buyer payes the freight charges. The seller does not include the freight charge with his costing.

306. What do you mean by FOA (Free on air) order?

Ans. The seller delivers the goods to the air carrier at the air port of departure. The buyer bears the risk from that moment and payes the air transport cost. The seller bears the cost of materials and making, does not include air freight.

307. What do you mean by C & F (Cost and freight) order?

Ans. The sellers send the goods for export, payes the freight charge and deliver them on boat (the ship). The risk is passes to the buyer when the goods are left the port of departure.

308. What do you mean by CIF (Cost, insurance and freight) order?

Ans. This is identical to the C&F term except that in addition, the seller ensures (pay the insurance bill) the goods against loss and damage at his own cost.

309. What do you mean by CIFC (Cost, insurance, freight and commission) order?

Ans. At this type of order, the seller includes the cost of insurance, freight and commission for local buying house.

310. What do you mean by CMT (Cutting, making and trimmings) order?

Ans. In this case, the buyer fixes the rate of CMT with the factory. So the seller does not add the price of fabric with his costing, but at L/C buyer gives all money to the factory. The factory collects only CMT money from the bank. Balance money return to the fabric supplier. This ordering system is following the tailoring shop.

311. What do you mean by CM (Cost of making) order?

Ans. In this case, the buyer fixes the rate of CM only with the factory. So the seller does not add the price of fabric and trimmings with his costing, but at L/C buyer gives all money to the factory. The factory collects only CM money from the bank. Balance money return to the fabric and accessories supplier.

312. What do you mean by TT (Telephonic transfer) order?

Ans. When order quantity is very small and need urgent delivery, in that case, buyer gives purchase contract instead of L/C and sends money to seller bank by TT. After getting money, the seller sends the goods to buyer.

313. What do you mean by Subcontract order?

Ans. It is indirect order, the order is received by another factory and when it is not possible for that factory to complete the production within the time, in that case they share the order with other factory by giving subcontract. The subcontract factory only gets the CM charge by local money from the order taker.

314. What do you mean by Exchange order?

Ans. In this case, the buyer did not pay any money against buying garments from Bangladesh. Instead of money, they are giving another goods or products, which is surplus in their country but we need it very much. This type of business is very rare. They use L/C for doing this type of business.

315. What do you mean by Proforma invoice?

Ans. Proforma invoice is temporary commercial invoice, which is send by exporter to importer. It helps to open a letter of credit (L/C) in favor of exporter by importer. It helps the foreign buyer to obtain an import license if it is necessary.

316. What do you mean by commercial invoice?

Ans. Commercial invoice is the final invoice and basic document. It contain all the details like name & address of importer and exporter, description of goods, quantity, rate, value of goods, details of shipment.

317. What do you mean by letter of credit (L/C)?

Ans. It is important document, which is used for doing the business, where Bank is responsible for payment in favor of sellers. It is a means/instrument for opening a credit (L/C) in favor of exporter by importer to make payment on fulfillment of conditions within given time.

318. What is Tag gun?

Ans. It is used for attaching the Hang tag, Price ticket etc.

319. What do you mean by Bill of Exchange?

Ans. A Bill of Exchange is a legal document and order in writing, requesting the drawee (Factory) to pay within the specified time. The drawer (supplier), drawee and payee (Bank) are involved in this transaction. The Bill of Exchange also known as draft, can be right draft or wsanee draft.

320. What do you mean by Bill of Landing?

Ans. Bill of Landing is a document issued by the shipping company acknowledging that the goods have been shipped on board and undertaking that the goods as received will be delivered to the consignee (Buyer).