Types of garments washing process

 

Types of garments washing process

The types of washing are mentioned below:-

Wet process:

·         Normal wash / Garments wash/ Rinse wash.

·         Pigment wash.

·         Caustic wash.                    

·         Silicon wash.

·         Stone wash.

·         Enzyme wash.

·         Stone Enzyme wash.

·         Acid wash.

·         Bleach wash.

·         Tinting & over dyeing.

Dry process:

·         Sand Blasting.

·         Hands scraping/whiskering.

·         Permanent wrinkle.

·         Grinding & Destroy (Bottom hem and pocket corner)

·         Broken & Tagging.

·         P P Spray, etc

Types of machine used in washing plant

·         Sample washing Machine (Horizontal / Vertical Type)

·         Washing Machine (Side loading)

·         Washing Machine (Front loading)

·         Hydro extractor Machine

·         Dryer Machine (Steam)

·         Dryer Machine (Gas)

·         Chemical Mixture Machine

·         Industrial Oven (Gas/Electric)

·         Boiler

·         Pump

·         Grinding Machine

·         Tagging Machine

·         Steam chamber for crinkle

·         E.T.P (Effluent Treatment Plant)

·         Generator

·         Sand Blasting Gun

·         Sand Blasting chamber

·         Spray gun and dummy

·         Screw compressor

·         Laser draw

Types of chemical use in washing plant

·         Enzyme

·         Detergent

·         Acetic Acid

·         Anti stain

·         Bleaching powder

·         Sodium hyposulfite

·         Caustic Soda

·         Soda Ash

·         Sodium Bicarbonate

·         Potassium permanganate

·         Cationic / non-ionic Flax softener

·         Micro Emulsion Silicon

·         Salt (sodium chloride)

·         Buffer

·         Hydrogen peroxide

·         Stabilizer

·         Fixing agent

·         Optical Brightener

·         Resin

·         Sodium Meta bi sulphite

·         De sizing agent

Function of chemicals in washing

ENZYME :

      The action of enzyme during enzyme wash it hydrolysis the cellulose. At first it attacks the having projecting fibers and hydrolyzed them. Then it attacks the yarn portion inside fabric and partly hydrolyzed the yarn portion. As a result color comes out from the yarn portion and fadded affect is produced.

DETERGENT :

      Chemical character is fatty alcohol poly glycol either in an aqueous, glycolic solution. Detergent is widely applicable in the continuous and discontinuous pretreatment of all types of fiber and their blends. To remove impurities, mineral oil contamination and sizes from the garments.

ACETIC ACID (CH3COOH) :

      Acetic Acid is used to neutralize the garments from alkaline condition and to control the pH value in wash bath.

ANTISTAIN :

      Anti stain is used to prevent the staining on weft yarn of the denim (white yarn), white pockets of garments, levels, and contacted fabrics of garment and increased the brightness of fabrics; it is also acts as anti creasing agent.

BLEACHING POWDER :

      Bleaching powder is an oxidizing agent. It is used in washing plant for color out from the denim garments. We can achieve different shade of color on garment i.e. Dark, Medium, Light shade.

SODIUM HYPOSULPHITE :

      Sodium hypo sulphite is used to neutralize the garments from chlorine bleach.

CAUSTIC SODA :

      Caustic created the role in bleach technique with out color change the garment and has a good cleaning power. It is work as fadding affect/old looking affect come rapidly on garments.

 SODIUM BICARBONATE

        Sodium bicarbonate is used in washing plant in the bleach bath with bleaching powder for 

Denim Light shade because easily color out with in short time. As a result production increases and costing is low.

POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE :

        Potassium permanganate is used in Acid wash with Punic stone for color out from the garments. It is used also spray chamber by nozzle for color out (whitish affect) from the garments.

FLAX SOFTENER (Cationic, non ionic) :

        Softener is used to make the garments treated textiles a surface feel that is both silky and soft and also provides excellent lubricating properties.

MICRO EMULSION SILICON :

        Amino Silicon is a textile finishing agent consisting mainly of amino modified silicon. When applied on fabrics, it gives durable softness, lubricity, elastic handle, anti pilling, dimensional stability, tear resistance and fabric to be cut and sewn more easily allows and improving wear and easy care properties.

SODIUM CHLORIDE (SALT) :

       It helps to exhaust dye in to the fiber.

 

BUFFER :

       Buffer is used in washing plant for pH control of enzyme bath, softener bath, de sizing bath.

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE :

        Hydrogen peroxide creates the prime role in bleach wash technique. In alkaline medium, hydrogen peroxide breaks up and gives some perhydroxhyl ion, which discolor the coloring materials and as a result fadding affect is developed. Hydrogen peroxide is used in scouring, bleaching bath for white/ready for dyeing of gray fabric garments. It is used also to neutralize the garment from alkaline condition.

STABILIZER :

        Hydrogen peroxide works in a good condition at temperature above 90°c, when temperature raise to 90°c then break the Hydrogen peroxide. Stabilizer is used to protect break the hydrogen peroxide and peroxide works in bath smoothly.

FIXING AGENT :

        Fixing agent is used for unfixed dye to fix on fabrics, when fabric color will be proper fixing then color fastness & rubbing fastness will be increased.

CATANIZER :

        Catanizer is used in pigment exhaust method processing. Pigment is color not dyestuff. Pigment colors have no affinity to fabric when catanizer is used in fabric then increase the affinity between pigment color & fabrics.

OPTICAL BRIGHTNESS :

        Two types of optical brightener are used in the washing plant – a) Red brightener. b) Blue brightener. Mainly optical brightener is used for improve the brightness of garments.

RESIN :

         Resin is high efficiency textile resin based on etherified dimethylol glyoxalin monoureine urea. Resin is used for the creation of semi-permanent creases in denim and other cellulose fabrics. It is used also cotton and polyester fabric. Fabric retains soft handle after washing.

SODIUM METABISULPHITE :

         Sodium meta bi sulphite is used in the washing plant to neutralized the garment from potassium permanganate.

DESIZING AGENT :

         Desizing agent is used to remove mainly starches, waxes, fats pectin’s, minerals & unfixed indigo dye from denim, twills, poplin & canvas fabrics etc.