Name of the Experiment: Dyeing of 100% polyester woven fabric with disperse dye to produce combined shade(High Temperature).
Introduction :
Disperse dyes can be
used with various techniques and will readily color synthetics such as
polyester, nylon, cellulose acetate, viscose, synthetic velvets, and
PVC. They can also be used to color plastic buttons and fastenings.
Their effect is less potent on polyester, due to the molecular
structure, allowing the only pastel through to medium shades. Polyester
fiber contains pores or canals within its structure which, when heated
to 100°C, expand to allow particles of the dyes to enter. The expansion
of the pores is limited by the heat of the water industrial dyeing of
polyester is carried out at 130°C in pressurized equipment.
Objective :
Ø To learn about dyeing process of polyester woven fabric by disperse dye.
Ø To dye polyester fabric by disperse dye.
Ø To make a combined shade using red, yellow, blue color substances.
Ø To write a report according to the experiment.
Nature of the sample :
- Pre-treated 100% polyester woven fabric.
Apparatus Required :
- Beakers.
- Glass Rod.
- Pipette.
- Measuring Cylinder.
- Digital Balance.
- Tri-pod stand.
- Gas Burner.
- Thermometer.
- Pot.
Process Sequence :
Collection of sample
↓
Set water level
↓
Add Acetic acid solution
↓
check pH
↓
Add dispersing agent solution
↓
Add disperse dye solution
↓
Add fabric sample
↓
Raise temperature to 130deg C
↓
Run time for 20 minutes
↓
Bath Drop
↓
Rinsing
↓
Drying
Dyeing Recipe has been shown in the table: 2.1
|
SL
|
Process Parameter
|
Unit
|
Dossing
|
Stock Solution
|
|
01
|
Levelling Agent
|
g/L
|
1
|
1%
|
|
02
|
Dispersing Agent
|
g/L
|
1
|
1%
|
|
03
|
Disperse Red
|
%
|
1
|
1%
|
|
04
|
Disperse Yellow
|
%
|
0.5
|
1%
|
|
05
|
Disperse Blue
|
%
|
0.5
|
1%
|
|
06
|
Acetic Acid
|
mL
|
1
|
-----
|
|
07
|
pH
|
-----
|
4.5 - 5.5
|
-----
|
|
08
|
Sample Weight
|
gm
|
5
|
---
|
|
09
|
M:L
|
-----
|
1:40
|
---
|
|
10
|
Temperature
|
°C
|
130
|
---
|
|
11
|
Time
|
min
|
20
|
----
|
Function of Chemicals :
Levelling Agent:
Ø Control of the exhaustion dye so that it is taken up evenly.
Dispersing Agent:
Ø It increases the solubility of disperse dyes in water.
Ø It assists in the process of particle size reduction of dye.
Disperse Dye:
Ø Main substances to produce color.
Acetic Acid:
Ø Disperse dyeing required acidic medium, acetic acid control the pH of the dye bath.
Calculation :
Total Liquor: Material Weight X L { M:L }
= 5gm X 40
= 200 mL
` Levelling Agent: = (200 X 1)/(1% X 1000) mL
= 20mL
Dispersing agent: = (200 X 1)/(1% X 1000) mL
= 20mL
Disperse Red: = (5 X 1%)/(1%) mL
= 5 mL
Disperse Yellow: = (5 X 0.5%)/(1%) mL
= 2.5 mL
Disperse Blue: = (5 X 0.5%)/(1%) mL
= 2.5 mL
Acetic Acid: = 1ml
Initial Water : = Total Liquor - (chemicals)
= 200 - (20+20+5+2.5+2.5+1)mL
= 149mL
Process Curve :
Figure : Process Curve
Sample Attachment & Observation :
Figure: Dyed Sample
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