Determine the travel rate of flat bars

 

Experiment Name : Determine the travel rate of flat bars.

Objective of the experiment :

1) To determine the travel rate of flat bars.

2) To determine the RPM of Sprocket which gives motion to flat bars

.

3) To draw a diagram basis on this experiment.

4) To write a short report according to this experiment.

Theory:

Flat bar is one of the most important device to ensure maximum carding action. Carding action happened between cylinder and flat bars. Here wire direction is opposite. Speed direction is opposite.

 So it ensure maximum individualization of fibers, neps, short fibers, dirt and dust.

Travel rate of flat = pitch X no of teeth of sprocket X rpm of Sprocket.

Calculation :

Travel Rate of Flat = Pitch X no of Teeth of Sprocket X RPM of Sprocket

Travel Rate = 1.5 X 14 X 0.0715

                        =1.57 inch per minute

Result :   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Conclusion : >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>.

Printing of 100% silk woven fabric with acid dye, by screen method.

 

Experiment Name:  Printing of 100% silk woven fabric with acid dye, by screen method.

Theory: 

  The Printing of textile materials is the application of colour according to a predetermined design. The printing paste which applied to textile material consists of dye, water, thickener and hydrocarbon solvent or oil. After the printing paste is applied, the textile material is usually steamed. Once the acid dye printing paste has been applied to the textile material, steaming of printed pattern is necessary. The steam provides the water molecules and heat energy to enable the dye molecules of the printing paste to transfer from the fibre surface into the polymer system. 

Nature of Sample :

Pre-treated woven fabric contains 100% silk fibre.

Apparatus Required :

1.            Beakers.

2.            Glass Rod.

3.            Pipette.

4.            Measuring Cylinder.

5.            Balance.

6.            Tri-pod Stand.

7.            Printing Screen Board.

8.            Pot.

9.            Gas Burner.

Method Of Printing:

We used here screen printing method. Screen printing is by far the most common technology today. There are two types of screen printing system i) Rotary screen printing. II) Flat screen printing. The working principle is a blade squeezes the printing paste through openings in the screen onto the fabric.

Style of Printing:

  We used here direct style for printing which means the dyes are printed directly at the required places of fabric and leaving the other portion unprinted or white.

Process Sequence:

Collection of pre-treated 100% silk fabric

.

Preparation of print paste with thickener

.

Application of print paste on pre-treated sample according to printing method

.

Drying at 100deg C for 3-5 minutes

.

steaming at 110deg C for 5 minutes.

After Treatment

Recipe of Printing:

Acid Dye                                : 20 parts

Acetic acid                             : 20 parts.

wetting agent                          : 20 parts

Thickener(Sodium Alginate)  :750 parts.

Water                                       : As Required.

 Function Of chemicals:

Acid Dye: The Particle which produce suitable color on the surface of fabric.

Acetic Acid: Acid dye required acetic medium. This acid ensure acetic medium.

Wetting Agent: Wetting agent is substances that reduce the surface tension of water to allow it to spread drops onto a surface, increasing the spreading abilities of a liquid. Lowering the surface tension lowers the energy required to spread drops onto a film.

Sample Attachment and observation:

Comments:

The fabric printed using screen method. We Observe some uneven printing done due to uneven pressure applied.

Pre-cautions:

All chemicals measure are taken properly.

Temperature maintain properly.

Burner used very carefully.

Viscosity of print paste maintain properly.

Applied even pressure during printing process.

Conclusion: ...........................................

Printing of 100% cotton woven fabric with vat dye by block method.

 

Experiment Name: Printing of 100% cotton woven fabric with vat dye by block  method.

Theory:  The Printing of textile materials is the application of colour according to a predetermined design. The printing paste which applied to textile material consists of dye, water, thickener and hydrocarbon solvent or oil. After the printing paste is applied, the textile material is usually steamed. Once the acid dye printing paste has been applied to the textile material, steaming of printed pattern is necessary. The steam provides the water molecules and heat energy to enable the dye molecules of the printing paste to transfer from the fibre surface into the polymer system.

Nature of Sample : Pre-treated woven fabric contains 100% cotton fibre.

Apparatus Required :

1.            Beakers.

2.            Glass Rod.

3.            Pipette.

4.            Measuring Cylinder.

5.            Balance.

6.            Tri-pod Stand.

7.            Printing Block.

8.            Pot.

9.            Gas Burner.

Method Of Printing:

We used here block printing method. Block printing is the oldest method of printing which still exists but use is limited to the decoration of scarves and handkerchiefs .

There are two types of block printing exists.

I) Block printing by hand.

II) Block Printing by machine.

Style of Printing:  We used here direct style for printing which means the dyes are printed directly at the required places of fabric and leaving the other portion unprinted or white.

Process Sequence:

Collection of pre-treated 100% cotton fabric

.

Preparation of print paste with thickener

.

Application of print paste on pre-treated sample according to printing method

.

Drying at 100deg C for 3-5 minutes

.

steaming at 110deg C for 5 minutes

.

After Treatment

Recipe of Printing:

Vat Dye                                       : 20 parts

Hydrose                                      : 20 parts.

wetting agent                              : 10 parts

Thickener(CMC)                        : 750 parts.

Water                                          : As Required.

Function Of chemicals:

Vat Dye: The Particle which produce suitable color on the surface of fabric.

Hydrose:  Here it is work as reducing agent. It reduced the insoluble vat dye for further process.

Wetting  Agent: Wetting agent is substances that reduce the surface tension of water to allow it to spread drops onto a surface, increasing the spreading abilities of a liquid. Lowering the surface tension lowers the energy required to spread drops onto a film.

Thickener:  It maintain proper viscosity for print paste.

Sample attachment and observation:

Comments: Here we see the printed fabric which is printed using block method. Here uneven printing done due to low viscosity of print paste.

Pre-cautions:

All chemicals measure are taken properly.

Temperature maintain properly.

Burner used very carefully.

Viscosity of print paste maintain properly.

Applied even pressure during printing process.

Conclusion:..........................................

Study on different component of a basic shirt.

 

Experiment Name: Study on different component of a basic shirt.

Theory:

A shirt is a cloth garment for the upper body. There are various types of shirt for men and women. Basic shirt is one of them. There’s nothing more classic than a woven collared shirt. This shirt has a formal collar, a full-length opening at the front from the collar to the hem and sleeves with cuffs. In this article, I will discuss on various parts of basic shirt.

Objective:

1) To learn about different component of a basic shirt.

2) To draw a sketch of a basic shirt.

3) To identify different component of the sketch.

4) To write  a report according this experiment.

Name of Different component of a basic shirt:

1. Coller Band.
2. Coller.
3. Yoke.
4. Upper Front part.
5. Lower front part.
6. Pocket.
7. Back Part.
8. Sleeve.
9. Cuff.
10. Placket.
11. Upper front facing.

Pattern pieces and fabric cut pieces required to make a basic shirt:

SL	Component Name	Required Pattern Piece	Required Fabric Cut Pieces
01	Coller Band.	1	2
02	Coller.	1	2
03	Yoke.	1	2
04	Upper Front part.	1	1
05	Lower front part.	1	1
06	Pocket.	1	1
07	Back Part.	1	1
08	Sleeve.	1	2
09	Cuff.	1	4
10	Placket.	1	2
11	Upper front facing.	1	1

Conclusion: >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Mechanical Properties of Textile Fibres

 

Mechanical Properties of Textile Fibres

Mechanical properties of textile materials can be classified into mainly three classes-

01.  Tensile properties (behaviors shown by textile materials for applying load or tension):

a)    Breaking load

b)   Tensile strength

c)    Tenacity

d)   Breaking extension 

e)    Initial modulus

f)    Work of rupture

g)    Work factor

h)   Work recovery

i)     Elastic recovery

j)    Creep (temporary creep & permanent creep)

02. Flexural properties (behaviors shown by textile materials when subjected to bending):

a)    Flexural rigidity

b)   Bending recovery

c)    Bending modulus

03. Torsional properties (behaviors shown by textile materials for applying torsional force):

a)    Torsional rigidity

b)   Breaking twist

c)    Shear modulus

      04. Frictional properties (behaviors shown by textile materials due to causing the friction):

Determine the draft between taker in and cylinder, Cylinder and doffer and draft between feed roller and doffer.

 

Experiment Name: Determine the draft between taker in and cylinder, Cylinder and doffer and draft between feed roller and doffer.

Objective of the experiment:

I) To know about draft between different parts of carding  machine.

II)To determine the surface speed of some parts of the  machine.

III) Draw a diagram of gear equipment and indicate all parts.

Surface speed = Circumference X R.P.M

                               = πd X R.P.M

Calculation:

Data:

Diameter of taker in = 9.549”

Diameter of doffer = 28”

Diameter of feed roller = 3 “

Diameter of cylinder = 50”

Circumference = πd

Taker in = 9.549 X 3.1416 = 29.99

Doffer    = 28 X 3.1416 = 87.96

Feed roller = 3 X 3.1416 = 9.42

Cylinder = 50 X 3.1416 = 157.08

Surface Speed = RPM X Circumference

Surface Speed of Cylinder = 196.36 X 157.08    

                                            = 30844.23

Surface Speed of Taker in = 30 X 504.92                                

                                           = 15147.6

Surface Speed of Doffer   = 87.96 X 7.89

                                           = 694.01

Surface Speed of Feed Roller = 9.42 X 1.89

                                                = 17.80

Draft:

Result:

Draft Between taker in and cylinder = 2.04

Draft between cylinder and doffer = 0.023

Draft between feed roller and doffer = 38.98

Conclusion:

By this experiment we learnt about how to calculate draft between parts

Study on different parts of a single jersey circular knitting machine.

 

Experiment Name: Study on different parts of a single jersey circular knitting machine.

Objective of the experiment:

i)  To know about different parts used in single jersey circular knitting machine.

ii)To know about application of this machine.

iii)Write a short note based on this experiment.

Parts used in this machine:

I)Package creel.

II)Yarn guide.

III)Aluminium Tube.

IV)Knot catcher

V)Yarn tensioner.

VI) Sensor.

VII) Indicator.

VIII)VDQ pulley.

IX)Tooth belt.

X)Positive wheel.

XI)Accumelader.

XII)Positive feed system wheel

XIII)Feeder.

XIV)Feed guide.

XV)Expinder

XVI)Take up roller.

XVII)  Batch in roller.

XVIII)Take up/down mechanism.

Primary elements of knitting machine:

I)kniddle .

II)Sinker.

III)Cam.

Conclusion:

By this experiment we have learnt about different parts used in single jersey circular knitting machine.

Difference between continuous and discontinuous scouring process.

 

Difference between continuous and discontinuous scouring process.

Difference between J box and kier boiler process

 

Difference between J box  and kier boiler process

Study on passage diagram and different parts of pirn winding machine.

 

Experiment: 02

Experiment Name: Study on passage diagram and different parts of pirn winding machine.

Objective of the experiment:

I)                    To know about the operation of pirn winding machine.

II)                  To know about the setup of pirn winding machine.

III)                To know about different parts using in pirn winding machine.

IV)               Write a short report according to the experiment.

Operation:

·         Input: Cone.

·         First guide.

·         Second guide.

·         3^rd Guide.

·         Travesre guide.

·         Output: pirn package.

Parts used in pirn winding machine:

·         Motor

·         Motor pulley

·         V-belt

·         Machine pulley

·         Intermediate pulley

·         Spandle pulley.

·         Spandle

·         Bearing tensioner.

·         Machine shaft

·         Shaft pulley.

·         Cam moving pulley

·         Traverse connecting rod.

·         L- liver

·         T- liver

·         Traversing

·         Cam pulley

·         Cam connecting rod

·         Fat gram

·         Pushing connecting rod

·         Pushing cart

·         Racibted wheel

·         Warm gear

·         Warm wheel

·         Pinion

·         Traverse body

·         Stop rod

·         Returning break

·         Pirn holder.

Parts used in pirn winding machine

1.       motor: The motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

2.       Pulley: Pulleys are used in a variety of ways to transmit motion.

3.       V belt: V belts are now mostly used for transmission motion.

4.       Bearing: Ball bearing used to output correct motion and skip slippage.

5.       Guide: To give correct yarn path.

6.       Tensioner:

7.       Pirn:

8.       Pirn package holder:

9.       Gear:

Conclusion: By doing this experiment I have known a lot about pirn winding machine…………………………………………………………………